'use strict';

function extend (destination) {
  for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
    var source = arguments[i];
    for (var key in source) {
      if (source.hasOwnProperty(key)) destination[key] = source[key];
    }
  }
  return destination
}

function repeat (character, count) {
  return Array(count + 1).join(character)
}

var blockElements = [
  'address', 'article', 'aside', 'audio', 'blockquote', 'body', 'canvas',
  'center', 'dd', 'dir', 'div', 'dl', 'dt', 'fieldset', 'figcaption',
  'figure', 'footer', 'form', 'frameset', 'h1', 'h2', 'h3', 'h4', 'h5', 'h6',
  'header', 'hgroup', 'hr', 'html', 'isindex', 'li', 'main', 'menu', 'nav',
  'noframes', 'noscript', 'ol', 'output', 'p', 'pre', 'section', 'table',
  'tbody', 'td', 'tfoot', 'th', 'thead', 'tr', 'ul'
];

function isBlock (node) {
  return blockElements.indexOf(node.nodeName.toLowerCase()) !== -1
}

var voidElements = [
  'area', 'base', 'br', 'col', 'command', 'embed', 'hr', 'img', 'input',
  'keygen', 'link', 'meta', 'param', 'source', 'track', 'wbr'
];

function isVoid (node) {
  return voidElements.indexOf(node.nodeName.toLowerCase()) !== -1
}

var voidSelector = voidElements.join();
function hasVoid (node) {
  return node.querySelector && node.querySelector(voidSelector)
}

var rules = {};

rules.paragraph = {
  filter: 'p',

  replacement: function (content) {
    return '\n\n' + content + '\n\n'
  }
};

rules.lineBreak = {
  filter: 'br',

  replacement: function (content, node, options) {
    return options.br + '\n'
  }
};

rules.heading = {
  filter: ['h1', 'h2', 'h3', 'h4', 'h5', 'h6'],

  replacement: function (content, node, options) {
    var hLevel = Number(node.nodeName.charAt(1));

    if (options.headingStyle === 'setext' && hLevel < 3) {
      var underline = repeat((hLevel === 1 ? '=' : '-'), content.length);
      return (
        '\n\n' + content + '\n' + underline + '\n\n'
      )
    } else {
      return '\n\n' + repeat('#', hLevel) + ' ' + content + '\n\n'
    }
  }
};

rules.blockquote = {
  filter: 'blockquote',

  replacement: function (content) {
    content = content.replace(/^\n+|\n+$/g, '');
    content = content.replace(/^/gm, '> ');
    return '\n\n' + content + '\n\n'
  }
};

rules.list = {
  filter: ['ul', 'ol'],

  replacement: function (content, node) {
    var parent = node.parentNode;
    if (parent.nodeName === 'LI' && parent.lastElementChild === node) {
      return '\n' + content
    } else {
      return '\n\n' + content + '\n\n'
    }
  }
};

rules.listItem = {
  filter: 'li',

  replacement: function (content, node, options) {
    content = content
      .replace(/^\n+/, '') // remove leading newlines
      .replace(/\n+$/, '\n') // replace trailing newlines with just a single one
      .replace(/\n/gm, '\n    '); // indent
    var prefix = options.bulletListMarker + '   ';
    var parent = node.parentNode;
    if (parent.nodeName === 'OL') {
      var start = parent.getAttribute('start');
      var index = Array.prototype.indexOf.call(parent.children, node);
      prefix = (start ? Number(start) + index : index + 1) + '.  ';
    }
    return (
      prefix + content + (node.nextSibling && !/\n$/.test(content) ? '\n' : '')
    )
  }
};

rules.indentedCodeBlock = {
  filter: function (node, options) {
    return (
      options.codeBlockStyle === 'indented' &&
      node.nodeName === 'PRE' &&
      node.firstChild &&
      node.firstChild.nodeName === 'CODE'
    )
  },

  replacement: function (content, node, options) {
    return (
      '\n\n    ' +
      node.firstChild.textContent.replace(/\n/g, '\n    ') +
      '\n\n'
    )
  }
};

rules.fencedCodeBlock = {
  filter: function (node, options) {
    return (
      options.codeBlockStyle === 'fenced' &&
      node.nodeName === 'PRE' &&
      node.firstChild &&
      node.firstChild.nodeName === 'CODE'
    )
  },

  replacement: function (content, node, options) {
    var className = node.firstChild.className || '';
    var language = (className.match(/language-(\S+)/) || [null, ''])[1];

    return (
      '\n\n' + options.fence + language + '\n' +
      node.firstChild.textContent +
      '\n' + options.fence + '\n\n'
    )
  }
};

rules.horizontalRule = {
  filter: 'hr',

  replacement: function (content, node, options) {
    return '\n\n' + options.hr + '\n\n'
  }
};

rules.inlineLink = {
  filter: function (node, options) {
    return (
      options.linkStyle === 'inlined' &&
      node.nodeName === 'A' &&
      node.getAttribute('href')
    )
  },

  replacement: function (content, node) {
    var href = node.getAttribute('href');
    var title = node.title ? ' "' + node.title + '"' : '';
    return '[' + content + '](' + href + title + ')'
  }
};

rules.referenceLink = {
  filter: function (node, options) {
    return (
      options.linkStyle === 'referenced' &&
      node.nodeName === 'A' &&
      node.getAttribute('href')
    )
  },

  replacement: function (content, node, options) {
    var href = node.getAttribute('href');
    var title = node.title ? ' "' + node.title + '"' : '';
    var replacement;
    var reference;

    switch (options.linkReferenceStyle) {
      case 'collapsed':
        replacement = '[' + content + '][]';
        reference = '[' + content + ']: ' + href + title;
        break
      case 'shortcut':
        replacement = '[' + content + ']';
        reference = '[' + content + ']: ' + href + title;
        break
      default:
        var id = this.references.length + 1;
        replacement = '[' + content + '][' + id + ']';
        reference = '[' + id + ']: ' + href + title;
    }

    this.references.push(reference);
    return replacement
  },

  references: [],

  append: function (options) {
    var references = '';
    if (this.references.length) {
      references = '\n\n' + this.references.join('\n') + '\n\n';
      this.references = []; // Reset references
    }
    return references
  }
};

rules.emphasis = {
  filter: ['em', 'i'],

  replacement: function (content, node, options) {
    if (!content.trim()) return ''
    return options.emDelimiter + content + options.emDelimiter
  }
};

rules.strong = {
  filter: ['strong', 'b'],

  replacement: function (content, node, options) {
    if (!content.trim()) return ''
    return options.strongDelimiter + content + options.strongDelimiter
  }
};

rules.code = {
  filter: function (node) {
    var hasSiblings = node.previousSibling || node.nextSibling;
    var isCodeBlock = node.parentNode.nodeName === 'PRE' && !hasSiblings;

    return node.nodeName === 'CODE' && !isCodeBlock
  },

  replacement: function (content) {
    if (!content.trim()) return ''

    var delimiter = '`';
    var leadingSpace = '';
    var trailingSpace = '';
    var matches = content.match(/`+/gm);
    if (matches) {
      if (/^`/.test(content)) leadingSpace = ' ';
      if (/`$/.test(content)) trailingSpace = ' ';
      while (matches.indexOf(delimiter) !== -1) delimiter = delimiter + '`';
    }

    return delimiter + leadingSpace + content + trailingSpace + delimiter
  }
};

rules.image = {
  filter: 'img',

  replacement: function (content, node) {
    var alt = node.alt || '';
    var src = node.getAttribute('src') || '';
    var title = node.title || '';
    var titlePart = title ? ' "' + title + '"' : '';
    return src ? '![' + alt + ']' + '(' + src + titlePart + ')' : ''
  }
};

/**
 * Manages a collection of rules used to convert HTML to Markdown
 */

function Rules (options) {
  this.options = options;
  this._keep = [];
  this._remove = [];

  this.blankRule = {
    replacement: options.blankReplacement
  };

  this.keepReplacement = options.keepReplacement;

  this.defaultRule = {
    replacement: options.defaultReplacement
  };

  this.array = [];
  for (var key in options.rules) this.array.push(options.rules[key]);
}

Rules.prototype = {
  add: function (key, rule) {
    this.array.unshift(rule);
  },

  keep: function (filter) {
    this._keep.unshift({
      filter: filter,
      replacement: this.keepReplacement
    });
  },

  remove: function (filter) {
    this._remove.unshift({
      filter: filter,
      replacement: function () {
        return ''
      }
    });
  },

  forNode: function (node) {
    if (node.isBlank) return this.blankRule
    var rule;

    if ((rule = findRule(this.array, node, this.options))) return rule
    if ((rule = findRule(this._keep, node, this.options))) return rule
    if ((rule = findRule(this._remove, node, this.options))) return rule

    return this.defaultRule
  },

  forEach: function (fn) {
    for (var i = 0; i < this.array.length; i++) fn(this.array[i], i);
  }
};

function findRule (rules, node, options) {
  for (var i = 0; i < rules.length; i++) {
    var rule = rules[i];
    if (filterValue(rule, node, options)) return rule
  }
  return void 0
}

function filterValue (rule, node, options) {
  var filter = rule.filter;
  if (typeof filter === 'string') {
    if (filter === node.nodeName.toLowerCase()) return true
  } else if (Array.isArray(filter)) {
    if (filter.indexOf(node.nodeName.toLowerCase()) > -1) return true
  } else if (typeof filter === 'function') {
    if (filter.call(rule, node, options)) return true
  } else {
    throw new TypeError('`filter` needs to be a string, array, or function')
  }
}

/**
 * The collapseWhitespace function is adapted from collapse-whitespace
 * by Luc Thevenard.
 *
 * The MIT License (MIT)
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2014 Luc Thevenard <lucthevenard@gmail.com>
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 */

/**
 * collapseWhitespace(options) removes extraneous whitespace from an the given element.
 *
 * @param {Object} options
 */
function collapseWhitespace (options) {
  var element = options.element;
  var isBlock = options.isBlock;
  var isVoid = options.isVoid;
  var isPre = options.isPre || function (node) {
    return node.nodeName === 'PRE'
  };

  if (!element.firstChild || isPre(element)) return

  var prevText = null;
  var prevVoid = false;

  var prev = null;
  var node = next(prev, element, isPre);

  while (node !== element) {
    if (node.nodeType === 3 || node.nodeType === 4) { // Node.TEXT_NODE or Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE
      var text = node.data.replace(/[ \r\n\t]+/g, ' ');

      if ((!prevText || / $/.test(prevText.data)) &&
          !prevVoid && text[0] === ' ') {
        text = text.substr(1);
      }

      // `text` might be empty at this point.
      if (!text) {
        node = remove(node);
        continue
      }

      node.data = text;

      prevText = node;
    } else if (node.nodeType === 1) { // Node.ELEMENT_NODE
      if (isBlock(node) || node.nodeName === 'BR') {
        if (prevText) {
          prevText.data = prevText.data.replace(/ $/, '');
        }

        prevText = null;
        prevVoid = false;
      } else if (isVoid(node)) {
        // Avoid trimming space around non-block, non-BR void elements.
        prevText = null;
        prevVoid = true;
      }
    } else {
      node = remove(node);
      continue
    }

    var nextNode = next(prev, node, isPre);
    prev = node;
    node = nextNode;
  }

  if (prevText) {
    prevText.data = prevText.data.replace(/ $/, '');
    if (!prevText.data) {
      remove(prevText);
    }
  }
}

/**
 * remove(node) removes the given node from the DOM and returns the
 * next node in the sequence.
 *
 * @param {Node} node
 * @return {Node} node
 */
function remove (node) {
  var next = node.nextSibling || node.parentNode;

  node.parentNode.removeChild(node);

  return next
}

/**
 * next(prev, current, isPre) returns the next node in the sequence, given the
 * current and previous nodes.
 *
 * @param {Node} prev
 * @param {Node} current
 * @param {Function} isPre
 * @return {Node}
 */
function next (prev, current, isPre) {
  if ((prev && prev.parentNode === current) || isPre(current)) {
    return current.nextSibling || current.parentNode
  }

  return current.firstChild || current.nextSibling || current.parentNode
}

/*
 * Set up window for Node.js
 */

var root = (typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : {});

/*
 * Parsing HTML strings
 */

function canParseHTMLNatively () {
  var Parser = root.DOMParser;
  var canParse = false;

  // Adapted from https://gist.github.com/1129031
  // Firefox/Opera/IE throw errors on unsupported types
  try {
    // WebKit returns null on unsupported types
    if (new Parser().parseFromString('', 'text/html')) {
      canParse = true;
    }
  } catch (e) {}

  return canParse
}

function createHTMLParser () {
  var Parser = function () {};

  {
    if (shouldUseActiveX()) {
      Parser.prototype.parseFromString = function (string) {
        var doc = new window.ActiveXObject('htmlfile');
        doc.designMode = 'on'; // disable on-page scripts
        doc.open();
        doc.write(string);
        doc.close();
        return doc
      };
    } else {
      Parser.prototype.parseFromString = function (string) {
        var doc = document.implementation.createHTMLDocument('');
        doc.open();
        doc.write(string);
        doc.close();
        return doc
      };
    }
  }
  return Parser
}

function shouldUseActiveX () {
  var useActiveX = false;
  try {
    document.implementation.createHTMLDocument('').open();
  } catch (e) {
    if (window.ActiveXObject) useActiveX = true;
  }
  return useActiveX
}

var HTMLParser = canParseHTMLNatively() ? root.DOMParser : createHTMLParser();

function RootNode (input) {
  var root;
  if (typeof input === 'string') {
    var doc = htmlParser().parseFromString(
      // DOM parsers arrange elements in the <head> and <body>.
      // Wrapping in a custom element ensures elements are reliably arranged in
      // a single element.
      '<x-turndown id="turndown-root">' + input + '</x-turndown>',
      'text/html'
    );
    root = doc.getElementById('turndown-root');
  } else {
    root = input.cloneNode(true);
  }
  collapseWhitespace({
    element: root,
    isBlock: isBlock,
    isVoid: isVoid
  });

  return root
}

var _htmlParser;
function htmlParser () {
  _htmlParser = _htmlParser || new HTMLParser();
  return _htmlParser
}

function Node (node) {
  node.isBlock = isBlock(node);
  node.isCode = node.nodeName.toLowerCase() === 'code' || node.parentNode.isCode;
  node.isBlank = isBlank(node);
  node.flankingWhitespace = flankingWhitespace(node);
  return node
}

function isBlank (node) {
  return (
    ['A', 'TH', 'TD'].indexOf(node.nodeName) === -1 &&
    /^\s*$/i.test(node.textContent) &&
    !isVoid(node) &&
    !hasVoid(node)
  )
}

function flankingWhitespace (node) {
  var leading = '';
  var trailing = '';

  if (!node.isBlock) {
    var hasLeading = /^[ \r\n\t]/.test(node.textContent);
    var hasTrailing = /[ \r\n\t]$/.test(node.textContent);

    if (hasLeading && !isFlankedByWhitespace('left', node)) {
      leading = ' ';
    }
    if (hasTrailing && !isFlankedByWhitespace('right', node)) {
      trailing = ' ';
    }
  }

  return { leading: leading, trailing: trailing }
}

function isFlankedByWhitespace (side, node) {
  var sibling;
  var regExp;
  var isFlanked;

  if (side === 'left') {
    sibling = node.previousSibling;
    regExp = / $/;
  } else {
    sibling = node.nextSibling;
    regExp = /^ /;
  }

  if (sibling) {
    if (sibling.nodeType === 3) {
      isFlanked = regExp.test(sibling.nodeValue);
    } else if (sibling.nodeType === 1 && !isBlock(sibling)) {
      isFlanked = regExp.test(sibling.textContent);
    }
  }
  return isFlanked
}

var reduce = Array.prototype.reduce;
var leadingNewLinesRegExp = /^\n*/;
var trailingNewLinesRegExp = /\n*$/;

function TurndownService (options) {
  if (!(this instanceof TurndownService)) return new TurndownService(options)

  var defaults = {
    rules: rules,
    headingStyle: 'setext',
    hr: '* * *',
    bulletListMarker: '*',
    codeBlockStyle: 'indented',
    fence: '```',
    emDelimiter: '_',
    strongDelimiter: '**',
    linkStyle: 'inlined',
    linkReferenceStyle: 'full',
    br: '  ',
    blankReplacement: function (content, node) {
      return node.isBlock ? '\n\n' : ''
    },
    keepReplacement: function (content, node) {
      return node.isBlock ? '\n\n' + node.outerHTML + '\n\n' : node.outerHTML
    },
    defaultReplacement: function (content, node) {
      return node.isBlock ? '\n\n' + content + '\n\n' : content
    }
  };
  this.options = extend({}, defaults, options);
  this.rules = new Rules(this.options);
}

TurndownService.prototype = {
  /**
   * The entry point for converting a string or DOM node to Markdown
   * @public
   * @param {String|HTMLElement} input The string or DOM node to convert
   * @returns A Markdown representation of the input
   * @type String
   */

  turndown: function (input) {
    if (!canConvert(input)) {
      throw new TypeError(
        input + ' is not a string, or an element/document/fragment node.'
      )
    }

    if (input === '') return ''

    var output = process.call(this, new RootNode(input));
    return postProcess.call(this, output)
  },

  /**
   * Add one or more plugins
   * @public
   * @param {Function|Array} plugin The plugin or array of plugins to add
   * @returns The Turndown instance for chaining
   * @type Object
   */

  use: function (plugin) {
    if (Array.isArray(plugin)) {
      for (var i = 0; i < plugin.length; i++) this.use(plugin[i]);
    } else if (typeof plugin === 'function') {
      plugin(this);
    } else {
      throw new TypeError('plugin must be a Function or an Array of Functions')
    }
    return this
  },

  /**
   * Adds a rule
   * @public
   * @param {String} key The unique key of the rule
   * @param {Object} rule The rule
   * @returns The Turndown instance for chaining
   * @type Object
   */

  addRule: function (key, rule) {
    this.rules.add(key, rule);
    return this
  },

  /**
   * Keep a node (as HTML) that matches the filter
   * @public
   * @param {String|Array|Function} filter The unique key of the rule
   * @returns The Turndown instance for chaining
   * @type Object
   */

  keep: function (filter) {
    this.rules.keep(filter);
    return this
  },

  /**
   * Remove a node that matches the filter
   * @public
   * @param {String|Array|Function} filter The unique key of the rule
   * @returns The Turndown instance for chaining
   * @type Object
   */

  remove: function (filter) {
    this.rules.remove(filter);
    return this
  },

  /**
   * Escapes Markdown syntax
   * @public
   * @param {String} string The string to escape
   * @returns A string with Markdown syntax escaped
   * @type String
   */

  escape: function (string) {
    return (
      string
        // Escape backslash escapes!
        .replace(/\\(\S)/g, '\\\\$1')

        // Escape headings
        .replace(/^(#{1,6} )/gm, '\\$1')

        // Escape hr
        .replace(/^([-*_] *){3,}$/gm, function (match, character) {
          return match.split(character).join('\\' + character)
        })

        // Escape ol bullet points
        .replace(/^(\W* {0,3})(\d+)\. /gm, '$1$2\\. ')

        // Escape ul bullet points
        .replace(/^([^\\\w]*)[*+-] /gm, function (match) {
          return match.replace(/([*+-])/g, '\\$1')
        })

        // Escape blockquote indents
        .replace(/^(\W* {0,3})> /gm, '$1\\> ')

        // Escape em/strong *
        .replace(/\*+(?![*\s\W]).+?\*+/g, function (match) {
          return match.replace(/\*/g, '\\*')
        })

        // Escape em/strong _
        .replace(/_+(?![_\s\W]).+?_+/g, function (match) {
          return match.replace(/_/g, '\\_')
        })

        // Escape code _
        .replace(/`+(?![`\s\W]).+?`+/g, function (match) {
          return match.replace(/`/g, '\\`')
        })

        // Escape link brackets
        .replace(/[\[\]]/g, '\\$&') // eslint-disable-line no-useless-escape
    )
  }
};

/**
 * Reduces a DOM node down to its Markdown string equivalent
 * @private
 * @param {HTMLElement} parentNode The node to convert
 * @returns A Markdown representation of the node
 * @type String
 */

function process (parentNode) {
  var self = this;
  return reduce.call(parentNode.childNodes, function (output, node) {
    node = new Node(node);

    var replacement = '';
    if (node.nodeType === 3) {
      replacement = node.isCode ? node.nodeValue : self.escape(node.nodeValue);
    } else if (node.nodeType === 1) {
      replacement = replacementForNode.call(self, node);
    }

    return join(output, replacement)
  }, '')
}

/**
 * Appends strings as each rule requires and trims the output
 * @private
 * @param {String} output The conversion output
 * @returns A trimmed version of the ouput
 * @type String
 */

function postProcess (output) {
  var self = this;
  this.rules.forEach(function (rule) {
    if (typeof rule.append === 'function') {
      output = join(output, rule.append(self.options));
    }
  });

  return output.replace(/^[\t\r\n]+/, '').replace(/[\t\r\n\s]+$/, '')
}

/**
 * Converts an element node to its Markdown equivalent
 * @private
 * @param {HTMLElement} node The node to convert
 * @returns A Markdown representation of the node
 * @type String
 */

function replacementForNode (node) {
  var rule = this.rules.forNode(node);
  var content = process.call(this, node);
  var whitespace = node.flankingWhitespace;
  if (whitespace.leading || whitespace.trailing) content = content.trim();
  return (
    whitespace.leading +
    rule.replacement(content, node, this.options) +
    whitespace.trailing
  )
}

/**
 * Determines the new lines between the current output and the replacement
 * @private
 * @param {String} output The current conversion output
 * @param {String} replacement The string to append to the output
 * @returns The whitespace to separate the current output and the replacement
 * @type String
 */

function separatingNewlines (output, replacement) {
  var newlines = [
    output.match(trailingNewLinesRegExp)[0],
    replacement.match(leadingNewLinesRegExp)[0]
  ].sort();
  var maxNewlines = newlines[newlines.length - 1];
  return maxNewlines.length < 2 ? maxNewlines : '\n\n'
}

function join (string1, string2) {
  var separator = separatingNewlines(string1, string2);

  // Remove trailing/leading newlines and replace with separator
  string1 = string1.replace(trailingNewLinesRegExp, '');
  string2 = string2.replace(leadingNewLinesRegExp, '');

  return string1 + separator + string2
}

/**
 * Determines whether an input can be converted
 * @private
 * @param {String|HTMLElement} input Describe this parameter
 * @returns Describe what it returns
 * @type String|Object|Array|Boolean|Number
 */

function canConvert (input) {
  return (
    input != null && (
      typeof input === 'string' ||
      (input.nodeType && (
        input.nodeType === 1 || input.nodeType === 9 || input.nodeType === 11
      ))
    )
  )
}

module.exports = TurndownService;
